% pubman genre = article @article{item_3360397, title = {{Genome-wide study of a Neolithic Wartberg grave community reveals distinct HLA variation and hunter-gatherer ancestry}}, author = {Immel, Alexander and Pierini, Federica and Rinne, Christoph and Meadows, John and Barquera, Rodrigo and Szolek, Andr{\'a}s and Susat, Julian and B{\"o}hme, Lisa and Dose, Janina and Bonczarowska, Joanna and Drummer, Clara and Fuchs, Katharina and Ellinghaus, David and K{\"a}ssens, Jan Christian and Furholt, Martin and Kohlbacher, Oliver and Schade-Lindig, Sabine and Franke, Andre and Schreiber, Stefan and Krause, Johannes and M{\"u}ller, Johannes and Lenz, Tobias L. and Nebel, Almut and Krause-Kyora, Ben}, language = {eng}, isbn = {2399-3642}, doi = {10.1038/s42003-020-01627-4}, year = {2021}, abstract = {{The Wartberg culture (WBC, 3500-2800 BCE) dates to the Late Neolithic period, a time of important demographic and cultural transformations in western Europe. We performed genome-wide analyses of 42 individuals who were interred in a WBC collective burial in Niedertiefenbach, Germany (3300-3200 cal. BCE). The results showed that the farming population of Niedertiefenbach carried a surprisingly large hunter-gatherer ancestry component (34{\textendash}58{\textpercent}). This component was most likely introduced during the cultural transformation that led to the WBC. In addition, the Niedertiefenbach individuals exhibited a distinct human leukocyte antigen gene pool, possibly reflecting an immune response that was geared towards detecting viral infections.}}, journal = {{Communications Biology}}, volume = {4}, eid = {113}, }