% pubman genre = article @article{item_3153925, title = {{Cytomegalovirus distribution and evolution in hominines}}, author = {Murthy, Sripriya and O{\textquoteright}Brien, Kathryn and Agbor, Anthony and Angedakin, Samuel and Arandjelovic, Milica and Ayimisin, Ayuk Emmanuel and Bailey, Emma and Bergl, Richard A and Brazzola, Gregory and Dieguez, Paula and Eno-Nku, Manasseh and Eshuis, Henk and Fruth, Barbara and Gillespie, Thomas R and Yuh, Yisa Ginath and Gray, Maryke and Herbinger, Ilka and Jones, Sorrel and Kehoe, Laura and K{\"u}hl, Hjalmar S. and Kujirakwinja, Deo and Lee, Kevin and Madinda, Nadege Freda and Mitamba, Guillain and Muhindo, Emmanuel and Nishuli, Radar and Ormsby, Lucy Jayne and Petrzelkova, Klara J and Plumptre, Andrew J and Robbins, Martha M. and Sommer, Volker and Ter Heegde, Martijn and Todd, Angelique and Tokunda, Raymond and Wessling, Erin G. and Jarvis, Michael A and Leendertz, Fabian H and Ehlers, Bernhard and Calvignac-Spencer, S{\'e}bastien}, language = {eng}, issn = {2057-1577}, doi = {10.1093/ve/vez015}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-09}, abstract = {{Herpesviruses are thought to have evolved in very close association with their hosts. This is notably the case for cytomegaloviruses (CMVs; genus Cytomegalovirus) infecting primates, which exhibit a strong signal of co-divergence with their hosts. Some herpesviruses are however known to have crossed species barriers. Based on a limited sampling of CMV diversity in the hominine (African great ape and human) lineage, we hypothesized that chimpanzees and gorillas might have mutually exchanged CMVs in the past. Here, we performed a comprehensive molecular screening of all 9 African great ape species/subspecies, using 675 fecal samples collected from wild animals. We identified CMVs in eight species/subspecies, notably generating the first CMV sequences from bonobos. We used this extended dataset to test competing hypotheses with various degrees of co-divergence/number of host switches while simultaneously estimating the dates of these events in a Bayesian framework. The model best supported by the data involved the transmission of a gorilla CMV to the panine (chimpanzee and bonobo) lineage and the transmission of a panine CMV to the gorilla lineage prior to the divergence of chimpanzees and bonobos, more than 800,000 years ago. Panine CMVs then co-diverged with their hosts. These results add to a growing body of evidence suggesting that viruses with a double-stranded DNA genome (including other herpesviruses, adenoviruses, and papillomaviruses) often jumped between hominine lineages over the last few million years.}}, journal = {{Virus Evolution}}, volume = {5}, number = {2}, eid = {vez015}, }