% pubman genre = article @article{item_3224304, title = {{Body-based senses enhance knowledge of directions in large-scale environments}}, author = {Waller, David and Loomis, Jack M. and Haun, Daniel B. M.}, language = {eng}, issn = {1069-9384}, doi = {10.3758/BF03206476}, publisher = {Psychonomic Society}, address = {Austin, TX}, year = {2004}, date = {2004}, abstract = {{Previous research has shown that inertial cues resulting from passive transport through a large environment do not necessarily facilitate acquiring knowledge about its layout. Here we examine whether the additional body-based cues that result from active movement facilitate the acquisition of spatial knowledge. Three groups of participants learned locations along an 840-m route. One group walked the route during learning, allowing access to body-based cues (i.e., vestibular, proprioceptive, and efferent information). Another group learned by sitting in the laboratory, watching videos made from the first group. A third group watched a specially made video that minimized potentially confusing head-on-trunk rotations of the viewpoint. All groups were tested on their knowledge of directions in the environment as well as on its configural properties. Having access to body-based information reduced pointing error by a small but significant amount. Regardless of the sensory information available during learning, participants exhibited strikingly common biases.}}, journal = {{Psychonomic Bulletin {\&} Review}}, volume = {11}, number = {1}, pages = {157--163}, }