% pubman genre = article
@article{item_3255537,
title = {{Ancient DNA study reveals HLA susceptibility locus for leprosy in medieval Europeans}},
author = {Krause-Kyora, Ben and Nutsua, Marcel and Boehme, Lisa and Pierini, Federica and Pedersen, Dorthe Dangvard and Kornell, Sabin-Christin and Drichel, Dmitriy and Bonazzi, Marion and M{\"o}bus, Lena and Tarp, Peter and Susat, Julian and Bosse, Esther and Willburger, Beatrix and Schmidt, Alexander H. and Sauter, J{\"u}rgen and Franke, Andre and Wittig, Michael and Caliebe, Amke and Nothnagel, Michael and Schreiber, Stefan and Boldsen, Jesper L. and Lenz, Tobias L. and Nebel, Almut},
language = {eng},
issn = {2041-1723},
doi = {10.1038/s41467-018-03857-x},
publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},
address = {London},
year = {2018},
date = {2018},
abstract = {{Leprosy, a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae (M. leprae), was very common in Europe till the 16th century. Here, we perform an ancient DNA study on medieval skeletons from Denmark that show lesions specific for lepromatous leprosy (LL). First, we test the remains for M. leprae DNA to confirm the infection status of the individuals and to assess the bacterial diversity. We assemble 10 complete M. leprae genomes that all differ from each other. Second, we evaluate whether the human leukocyte antigen allele DRB1{\textasteriskcentered}15:01, a strong LL susceptibility factor in modern populations, also predisposed medieval Europeans to the disease. The comparison of genotype data from 69 M. leprae DNA-positive LL cases with those from contemporary and medieval controls reveals a statistically significant association in both instances. In addition, we observe that DRB1{\textasteriskcentered}15:01 co-occurs with DQB1{\textasteriskcentered}06:02 on a haplotype that is a strong risk factor for inflammatory diseases today.}},
journal = {{Nature Communications}},
volume = {9},
eid = {1569},
}