% pubman genre = article
@article{item_3257314,
title = {{Ancient bacterial genomes reveal a high diversity of Treponema pallidum Strains in early Modern Europe}},
author = {Majander, Kerttu and Pfrengle, Saskia and Kocher, Arthur and Neukamm, Judith and du Plessis, Louis and Pla-D{\'\i}az, Marta and Arora, Natasha and Akg{\"u}l, G{\"u}lfirde and Salo, Kati and Schats, Rachel and Inskip, Sarah and Oinonen, Markku and Valk, Heiki and Malve, Martin and Kriiska, Aivar and Onkamo, P{\"a}ivi and Gonz{\'a}lez-Candelas, Fernando and K{\"u}hnert, Denise and Krause, Johannes and Schuenemann, Verena J.},
language = {eng},
issn = {0960-9822},
doi = {10.1016/j.cub.2020.07.058},
publisher = {Cell Press},
address = {London, UK},
year = {2020},
abstract = {{Summary{\textless}br{\textgreater}Syphilis is a globally re-emerging disease, which has marked European history with a devastating epidemic at the end of the 15th century. Together with non-venereal treponemal diseases, like bejel and yaws, which are found today in subtropical and tropical regions, it currently poses a substantial health threat worldwide. The origins and spread of treponemal diseases remain unresolved, including syphilis{\textquoteright} potential introduction into Europe from the Americas. Here, we present the first genetic data from archaeological human remains reflecting a high diversity of Treponema pallidum in early modern Europe. Our study demonstrates that a variety of strains related to both venereal syphilis and yaws-causing T. pallidum subspecies were already present in Northern Europe in the early modern period. We also discovered a previously unknown T. pallidum lineage recovered as a sister group to yaws- and bejel-causing lineages. These findings imply a more complex pattern of geographical distribution and etiology of early treponemal epidemics than previously understood.}},
contents = {Introduction Results - Geographical Origins and Osteological Analyses of Samples - Authenticity Estimation of Ancient DNA and Genome Reconstruction - Phylogenetic Analysis and Genetic Recombination - Molecular Clock Dating - Virulence Factor Analysis Discussion - Early Emergence of Syphilis in Europe - Yaws-like Strains in Europe - Old Hypotheses Revisited - Outlook and Implications on Sampling Strategies},
journal = {{Current Biology}},
volume = {30},
pages = {1--16},
eid = {2020.07.058},
}