% pubman genre = article
@article{item_3291337,
title = {{Explaining grammatical coding asymmetries: Form{\textendash}frequency correspondences and predictability}},
author = {Haspelmath, Martin},
language = {eng},
issn = {0022-2267},
doi = {10.1017/S0022226720000535},
publisher = {Cambridge University Press / UK},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-08},
abstract = {{This paper claims that a wide variety of grammatical coding asymmetries can be explained as adaptations to the language users{\textquoteright} needs, in terms of frequency of use, predictability and coding efficiency. I claim that all grammatical oppositions involving a minimal meaning difference and a significant frequency difference are reflected in a universal coding asymmetry, i.e. a cross-linguistic pattern in which the less frequent member of the opposition gets special coding, unless the coding is uniformly explicit or uniformly zero. I give 25 examples of pairs of construction types, from a substantial range of grammatical domains. For some of them, the existing evidence from the world{\textquoteright}s languages and from corpus counts is already strong, while for others, I know of no counterevidence and I make readily testable claims. I also discuss how the functional-adaptive forces operate in language change, and I discuss a number of possible alternative explanations.}},
journal = {{Journal of Linguistics}},
volume = {57},
number = {3},
pages = {605--633},
}