% pubman genre = article @article{item_3334964, title = {{Disentangling predictive processing in the brain: A meta-analytic study in favour of a predictive network}}, author = {Ficco, Linda and Mancuso, Lorenzo and Manuello, Jordi and Teneggi, Alessia and Liloia, Donato and Duca, Sergio and Costa, Tommaso and Kovacs, Gyula Zolt{\'a}n and Cauda, Franco}, language = {eng}, issn = {2045-2322}, doi = {10.1038/s41598-021-95603-5}, publisher = {Nature}, year = {2021}, date = {2021}, abstract = {{According to the predictive coding (PC) theory, the brain is constantly engaged in predicting its{\textless}br{\textgreater}upcoming states and refning these predictions through error signals. Despite extensive research{\textless}br{\textgreater}investigating the neural bases of this theory, to date no previous study has systematically attempted{\textless}br{\textgreater}to defne the neural mechanisms of predictive coding across studies and sensory channels, focussing{\textless}br{\textgreater}on functional connectivity. In this study, we employ a coordinate-based meta-analytical approach{\textless}br{\textgreater}to address this issue. We frst use the Activation Likelihood Estimation (ALE) algorithm to detect{\textless}br{\textgreater}spatial convergence across studies, related to prediction error and encoding. Overall, our ALE results{\textless}br{\textgreater}suggest the ultimate role of the left inferior frontal gyrus and left insula in both processes. Moreover,{\textless}br{\textgreater}we employ a meta-analytic connectivity method (Seed-Voxel Correlations Consensus). This technique{\textless}br{\textgreater}reveals a large, bilateral predictive network, which resembles large-scale networks involved in taskdriven attention and execution. In sum, we fnd that: (i) predictive processing seems to occur more in{\textless}br{\textgreater}certain brain regions than others, when considering diferent sensory modalities at a time; (ii) there is{\textless}br{\textgreater}no evidence, at the network level, for a distinction between error and prediction processing.}}, journal = {{Scientific Reports}}, volume = {11}, eid = {16258}, }