% pubman genre = article @article{item_3377784, title = {{Moralistic and local god beliefs and the extent of prosocial preferences on Tanna Island, Vanuatu}}, author = {Vardy, Thomas and Atkinson, Quentin D.}, language = {eng}, issn = {2153-5981; 2153-599X}, doi = {10.1080/2153599X.2021.2006290}, publisher = {Routledge}, year = {2022}, date = {2022}, abstract = {{The co-existence of Christian and indigenous {\textquotedblleft}Kastom{\textquotedblright} belief systems on Tanna Island, Vanuatu provides a rare opportunity to explore the relationship between cooperation and religion. Here, we use data on religious beliefs and practices, religious priming, and four versions of a dictator game at two sites{\textemdash}one predominantly Christian and one predominantly Kastom{\textemdash}to test a suite of hypotheses linking prosocial behavior to beliefs about and commitment to both a powerful moralistic god and a less morally concerned local supernatural force. We found belief that the moralistic god was more punitive did not predict increased giving towards co-religionists but did predict giving more to a religious outgroup member over a co-religionist. Belief that the moralistic god was more rewarding predicted less giving towards a distant coreligionist or outgroup member. Religious commitment predicted giving to a distant coreligionist over someone from one{\textquotesingle}s own village. We did not find any effect of beliefs about and commitment to less morally-concerned local supernatural forces on giving. We also did not find the predicted effects of religious priming on giving. These findings suggest a more complex relationship between religious beliefs and prosocial behavior than current theory can accommodate.}}, journal = {{Religion, Brain Behavior}}, volume = {12}, number = {1-2}, pages = {79--96}, }