% pubman genre = article
@article{item_3489162,
title = {{Variation in human water turnover associated with environmental and lifestyle factors}},
author = {Yamada, Yosuke and Zhang, Xueying and Henderson, Mary E. T. and Sagayama, Hiroyuki and Pontzer, Herman and Watanabe, Daiki and Yoshida, Tsukasa and Kimura, Misaka and Ainslie, Philip N. and Andersen, Lene F. and Anderson, Liam J. and Arab, Lenore and Baddou, Issad and Bedu-Addo, Kweku and Blaak, Ellen E. and Blanc, Stephane and Bonomi, Alberto G. and Bouten, Carlijn V. C. and Bovet, Pascal and Buchowski, Maciej S. and Butte, Nancy F. and Camps, Stefan G. and Close, Graeme L. and Cooper, Jamie A. and Cooper, Richard and Das, Sai Krupa and Dugas, Lara R. and Eaton, Simon and Ekelund, Ulf and Entringer, Sonja and Forrester, Terrence and Fudge, Barry W. and Goris, Annelies H. and Gurven, Michael and Halsey, Lewis G. and Hambly, Catherine and El Hamdouchi, Asmaa and Hoos, Marije B. and Hu, Sumei and Joonas, Noorjehan and Joosen, Annemiek M. and Katzmarzyk, Peter and Kempen, Kitty P. and Kraus, William E. and Kriengsinyos, Wantanee and Kushner, Robert F. and Lambert, Estelle V. and Leonard, William R. and Lessan, Nader and Martin, Corby K. and Medin, Anine C. and Meijer, Erwin P. and Morehen, James C. and Morton, James P. and Neuhouser, Marian L. and Nicklas, Theresa A. and Ojiambo, Robert M. and Pietil{\"a}inen, Kirsi H. and Pitsiladis, Yannis P. and Plange-Rhule, Jacob and Plasqui, Guy and Prentice, Ross L. and Rabinovich, Roberto A. and Racette, Susan B. and Raichlen, David A. and Ravussin, Eric and Redman, Leanne M. and Reilly, John J. and Reynolds, Rebecca M. and Roberts, Susan B. and Schuit, Albertine J. and Sardinha, Luis B. and Silva, Analiza M. and Sj{\"o}din, Anders M. and Stice, Eric and Urlacher, Samuel S. and Valenti, Giulio and Van Etten, Ludo M. and Van Mil, Edgar A. and Wells, Jonathan C. K. and Wilson, George and Wood, Brian M. and Yanovski, Jack A. and Murphy-Alford, Alexia J. and Loechl, Cornelia U. and Luke, Amy H. and Rood, Jennifer and Westerterp, Klaas R. and Wong, William W. and Miyachi, Motohiko and Schoeller, Dale A. and Speakman, John R.},
language = {eng},
issn = {0036-8075; 1095-9203},
doi = {10.1126/science.abm8668},
year = {2022},
date = {2022},
abstract = {{Water is essential for survival, but one in three individuals worldwide (2.2 billion people) lacks access to safe drinking water. Water intake requirements largely reflect water turnover (WT), the water used by the body each day. We investigated the determinants of human WT in 5604 people from the ages of 8 days to 96 years from 23 countries using isotope-tracking (2H) methods. Age, body size, and composition were significantly associated with WT, as were physical activity, athletic status, pregnancy, socioeconomic status, and environmental characteristics (latitude, altitude, air temperature, and humidity). People who lived in countries with a low human development index (HDI) had higher WT than people in high-HDI countries. On the basis of this extensive dataset, we provide equations to predict human WT in relation to anthropometric, economic, and environmental factors.{\textless}br{\textgreater}Water is essential for life (1), and daily water intake is necessary to prevent dehydration (i.e., net loss of body water) in most terrestrial animals, including humans (2). Total body water (TBW, measured in liters) is homeostatically controlled (3) and tightly regulated day to day by thirst and hunger drives that lead to the intake of fluids and food to offset water losses (4). Body water is lost as urine, insensible transcutaneous evaporation and sweat loss, respiratory water vapor, and water in feces (Fig. 1A). To maintain water balance, these losses must be matched by intake of water from liquids (drinking water and other beverages) and foods (5, 6), water vapor in respiratory air intake, transcutaneous water uptake, and water formed during aerobic respiration and metabolism (Fig. 1A) (2, 7). The total movement of water through the body, both intake and loss, is called water turnover (WT, measured in liters per day).}},
journal = {{Science}},
volume = {378},
number = {6622},
pages = {909--915},
}