% pubman genre = article
@article{item_3513520,
title = {{Shared community effects and the non-genetic maternal environment shape cortisol levels in wild chimpanzees}},
author = {Tkaczynski, Patrick J. and Mafessoni, Fabrizio and Girard-Buttoz, C{\'e}dric and Samuni, Liran and Ackermann, Corinne Y. and Fedurek, Pawel and Gomes, Cristina and Hobaiter, Catherine and L{\"o}hrich, Therese and Manin, Virgile and Preis, Anna and Val{\'e}, Prince D. and Wessling, Erin G. and Wittiger, Livia and Zommers, Zinta and Zuberbuehler, Klaus and Vigilant, Linda and Deschner, Tobias and Wittig, Roman M. and Crockford, Catherine},
language = {eng},
issn = {2399-3642},
doi = {10.1038/s42003-023-04909-9},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-12},
abstract = {{Mechanisms of inheritance remain poorly defined for many fitness-mediating traits, especially in long-lived animals with protracted development. Using 6,123 urinary samples from 170 wild chimpanzees, we examined the contributions of genetics, non-genetic maternal effects, and shared community effects on variation in cortisol levels, an established predictor of survival in long-lived primates. Despite evidence for consistent individual variation in cortisol levels across years, between-group effects were more influential and made an overwhelming contribution to variation in this trait. Focusing on within-group variation, non-genetic maternal effects accounted for 8{\textpercent} of the individual differences in average cortisol levels, significantly more than that attributable to genetic factors, which was indistinguishable from zero. These maternal effects are consistent with a primary role of a shared environment in shaping physiology. For chimpanzees, and perhaps other species with long life histories, community and maternal effects appear more relevant than genetic inheritance in shaping key physiological traits.}},
journal = {{Communications Biology}},
volume = {6},
number = {1},
eid = {565},
}