% pubman genre = article @article{item_3547902, title = {{Functional dissection and assembly of a small, newly evolved, W chromosome-specific genomic region of the African clawed frog Xenopus laevis}}, author = {Cauret, Caroline M. S. and Jordan, Danielle C. and Kukoly, Lindsey M. and Burton, Sarah R. and Anele, Emmanuela U. and Kwiecien, Jacek M. and Gansauge, Marie-Theres and Senthillmohan, Sinthu and Greenbaum, Eli and Meyer, Matthias and Horb, Marko E. and Evans, Ben J.}, editor = {Capel, Blanche}, language = {eng}, issn = {1553-7390}, doi = {10.1371/journal.pgen.1010990}, publisher = {Public Library of Science}, address = {San Francisco, CA}, year = {2023}, abstract = {{Genetic triggers for sex determination are frequently co-inherited with other linked genes that may also influence one or more sex-specific phenotypes. To better understand how sex-limited regions evolve and function, we studied a small W chromosome-specific region of the frog Xenopus laevis that contains only three genes (dm-w, scan-w, ccdc69-w) and that drives female differentiation. Using gene editing, we found that the sex-determining function of this region requires dm-w but that scan-w and ccdc69-w are not essential for viability, female development, or fertility. Analysis of mesonephros+gonad transcriptomes during sexual differentiation illustrates masculinization of the dm-w knockout transcriptome, and identifies mostly non-overlapping sets of differentially expressed genes in separate knockout lines for each of these three W-specific gene compared to wildtype sisters. Capture sequencing of almost all Xenopus species and PCR surveys indicate that the female-determining function of dm-w is present in only a subset of species that carry this gene. These findings map out a dynamic evolutionary history of a newly evolved W chromosome-specific genomic region, whose components have distinctive functions that frequently degraded during Xenopus diversification, and evidence the evolutionary consequences of recombination suppression. {\copyright} 2023 Cauret et al.}}, journal = {{PLoS Genetics}}, volume = {19}, number = {10}, eid = {e1010990}, }