% pubman genre = article
@article{item_3603571,
title = {{Chimpanzees prepare for alternative possible outcomes}},
author = {Engelmann, Jan M. and V{\"o}lter, Christoph J. and Goddu, Mariel K. and Call, Josep and Rakoczy, Hannes and Herrmann, Esther},
language = {eng},
issn = {1744-957X},
doi = {10.1098/rsbl.2023.0179},
year = {2023},
date = {2023},
abstract = {{When facing uncertainty, humans often build mental models of alternative{\textless}br{\textgreater}outcomes. Considering diverging scenarios allows agents to respond{\textless}br{\textgreater}adaptively to different actual worlds by developing contingency plans (cov-{\textless}br{\textgreater}ering one{\textquoteright}s bases). In a pre-registered experiment, we tested whether{\textless}br{\textgreater}chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) prepare for two mutually exclusive possibili-{\textless}br{\textgreater}ties. Chimpanzees could access two pieces of food, but only if they{\textless}br{\textgreater}successfully protected them from a human competitor. In one condition,{\textless}br{\textgreater}chimpanzees could be certain about which piece of food the human exper-{\textless}br{\textgreater}imenter would attempt to steal. In a second condition, either one of the{\textless}br{\textgreater}food rewards was a potential target of the competitor. We found that chim-{\textless}br{\textgreater}panzees were significantly more likely to protect both pieces of food in the{\textless}br{\textgreater}second relative to the first condition, raising the possibility that chimpanzees{\textless}br{\textgreater}represent and prepare effectively for different possible worlds.}},
journal = {{Biology Letters}},
volume = {19},
number = {6},
eid = {20230179},
}