%0 Journal Article %A Van Leeuwen, Edwin J. C. %A Mundry, Roger %A Cronin, Katherine A. %A Bodamer, Mark %A Haun, Daniel B. M. %+ Department of Developmental and Comparative Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Max Planck Society Department of Primatology, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Max Planck Society External Organizations %T Chimpanzee culture extends beyond matrilineal family units : %G eng %U https://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-001M-0000-002D-7C56-8 %R 10.1016/j.cub.2017.05.003 %D 2017 %8 19.06.2017 %* Review method: peer-reviewed %X The ‘grooming handclasp’ is one of the most well-established cultural traditions in chimpanzees. A recent study by Wrangham et al. [1] reduced the cultural scope of grooming-handclasp behavior by showing that grooming-handclasp style convergence is “explained by matrilineal relationship rather than conformity” [1]. Given that we previously reported cultural differences in grooming-handclasp style preferences in captive chimpanzees [2], we tested the alternative view posed by Wrangham et al. [1] in the chimpanzee populations that our original results were based on. Using the same outcome variable as Wrangham et al. [1] — the proportion of high-arm grooming featuring palm-to-palm clasping — we found that matrilineal relationships explained neither within-group homogeneity nor between-group heterogeneity, thereby corroborating our original conclusion that grooming-handclasp behavior can represent a group-level cultural tradition in chimpanzees. %J Current Biology %O Curr. Biol. %V 27 %N 12 %& R588 %P R588 - R590 %I Cell Press %C London, UK %@ 0960-9822