%0 Journal Article %A Padrell, Maria %A Llorente, Miquel %A Amici, Federica %+ Department of Human Behavior Ecology and Culture, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Max Planck Society %T Invasive research on non-human primates - time to turn the page : %G eng %U https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-0009-7E28-E %R 10.3390/ani11102999 %7 2021-10-19 %D 2021 %8 19.10.2021 %* Review method: peer-reviewed %X Despite increasing ethical concerns, primates are still often used in invasive research (i.e., laboratory research that causes body manipulations causing them pain or distress and not aimed at directly improving their well-being). Here, we will review previous studies showing that primates have complex behaviour and cognition, and that they suffer long-term consequences after being used in invasive research. We will discuss the ethical problems that invasive research on primates posit, the legal protection that they are, to date, granted in different countries, and summarize the past and current attempts to ban this kind of research on primates. We will conclude why, in our opinion, invasive research on primates should be banned, and non-invasive methods should be considered the only possible approach to the study of primates. %K welfare; ethics; legal protection; principle of the 3Rs; invasive research ban %J Animals %V 11 %] 2999 %@ 2076-2615