%0 Journal Article %A De Bacco, Caterina %A Contisciani, Martina %A Cardoso-Silva, Jonathan %A Safdari, Hadiseh %A Baptista, Diego %A Lima Borges, Gabriela %A Sweet, Tracy %A Young, Jean-Gabriel %A Koster, Jeremy %A Ross, Cody T. %A McElreath, Richard %A Redhead, Daniel %A Power, Eleanor A. %+ Department of Human Behavior Ecology and Culture, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Max Planck Society Department of Human Behavior Ecology and Culture, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Max Planck Society Department of Human Behavior Ecology and Culture, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Max Planck Society Department of Human Behavior Ecology and Culture, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Max Planck Society %T Latent network models to account for noisy, multiply-reported social network data : %G eng %U https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-000C-8D5E-D %R 10.1093/jrsssa/qnac004 %7 2023-02-08 %D 2023 %* Review method: peer-reviewed %X Social network data are often constructed by incorporating reports from multiple individuals. However, it is not obvious how to reconcile discordant responses from individuals. There may be particular risks with multiply reported data if people’s responses reflect normative expectations—such as an expectation of balanced, reciprocal relationships. Here, we propose a probabilistic model that incorporates ties reported by multiple individuals to estimate the unobserved network structure. In addition to estimating a parameter for each reporter that is related to their tendency of over- or under-reporting relationships, the model explicitly incorporates a term for ‘mutuality’, the tendency to report ties in both directions involving the same alter. Our model’s algorithmic implementation is based on variational inference, which makes it efficient and scalable to large systems. We apply our model to data from a Nicaraguan community collected with a roster-based design and 75 Indian villages collected with a name-generator design. We observe strong evidence of ‘mutuality’ in both datasets, and find that this value varies by relationship type. Consequently, our model estimates networks with reciprocity values that are substantially different than those resulting from standard deterministic aggregation approaches, demonstrating the need to consider such issues when gathering, constructing, and analysing survey-based network data. %K Social network data, mutuality, reliability, variational inference, latent network, network measurement %J Journal of the Royal Statistical Society - Series A: Statistics in Society %V 186 %N 3 %& 355 %P 355 - 375 %] qnac004 %I Royal Statistical Society %C London %@ 0035-92381467-985X %U https://arxiv.org/abs/2112.11396https://github.com/latentnetworks/vimurehttps://dataverse.harvard.edu/dataset.xhtml?persistentId=doi:10.7910/DVN/U3BIHX