%0 Journal Article
%A Anderson, Cormac
%A Scarborough, Matthew
%A Jocz, Lechosław
%A Kümmel, Martin Joachim
%A Jügel, Thomas
%A Irslinger, Britta
%A Pooth, Roland
%A Liljegren, Henrik
%A Strand, Richard F.
%A Haig, Geoffrey
%A Geupel, Ulrich
%A Macak, Martin
%A Kim, Ronald I.
%A Anonby, Erik
%A Pronk, Tijmen
%A Belyaev, Oleg
%A Dewey-Findell, Tonya Kim
%A Boutilier, Matthew
%A Freiberg, Cassandra
%A Tegethoff, Robert
%A Serangeli, Matilde
%A Stroński, Krzysztof
%A Falileyev, Alexander
%A Liosis, Nikos
%A Schulte, Kim
%A Gupta, Ganesh Kumar
%A Izadifar, Raheleh
%A Markus, Patrycja
%A Williams, Nicholas
%A Loi, Simone
%A Sims-Williams, Nicholas
%A Findell, Martin
%A Adibifar, Shirin
%A Abete, Giovanni
%A Atanasov, Petar
%A Baiwir, Esther
%A Bastardas, Maria-Reina
%A Benkato, Adam
%A Bevevino, Lisa Shugert
%A Buchi, Éva
%A Cadorini, Giorgio
%A Cathcart, Chundra
%A Cheveau, Loïc
%A Christodoulou, Charalambos
%A Delorme, Jérémie
%A Dworkin, Steven N.
%A Ekici, Deniz
%A Farridnejad, Shervin
%A Gheitasi, Mojtaba
%A Hammarström, Harald
%A Hewitt, Steve
%A Khan, Afsar Ali
%A Khan, Muhammad Kamal
%A Khokhlova, Liudmila
%A Kim, Deborah
%A Lewin, Christopher
%A Lushaj, Borana
%A Mahmoudveysi, Parvin
%A Mahommadirad, Masoud
%A Mersch, Sam
%A Mustafa, Baydaa
%A Nemati, Fatemeh
%A Nourzaei, Maryam
%A Muircheartaigh, Peadar Ó
%A Oogjen, Virginia
%A Ourang, Muhammed
%A Pagan, Heather
%A Palmer, Timothy S.
%A Pepper, Steve
%A Purandare, Mandar
%A Rehman, Khwaja
%A Rhys, Guto
%A Røyneland, Unn
%A Sagar, Muhammad Zaman
%A Sandstedt, Jade Jørgen
%A Steensland, Lars
%A Taheri-Ardali, Mortaza
%A Talebi-Dastenaei, Mahnaz
%A Tittel, Sabine
%A Tresoldi, Tiago
%A de Vaan, Michiel
%A Verkerk, Annemarie
%A Versloot, Arjen
%A Videsott, Paul
%A Vuletić, Nikola
%A Widmer, Manuel
%A Zeini, Arash
%A Bibiko, Hans-Jörg
%A Runge, Fiona
%A Gray, Russell D.
%A Heggarty, Paul
%+ Department of Linguistic and Cultural Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Max Planck Society
Department of Linguistic and Cultural Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Max Planck Society
Department of Linguistic and Cultural Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Max Planck Society
Department of Linguistic and Cultural Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Max Planck Society
ERC - Waves, Department of Human Behavior Ecology and Culture, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Max Planck Society
%T The Indo-European Cognate Relationships dataset : 
%G eng
%U https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-0011-C239-2
%R 10.1038/s41597-025-05445-3
%7 2025-09-02
%D 2025
%* Review method: peer-reviewed
%X The Indo-European Cognate Relationships (IE-CoR) dataset is an open-access relational dataset showing how related, inherited words (‘cognates’) pattern across 160 languages of the Indo-European family. IE-CoR is intended as a benchmark dataset for computational research into the evolution of the Indo-European languages. It is structured around 170 reference meanings in core lexicon, and contains 25731 lexeme entries, analysed into 4981 cognate sets. Novel, dedicated structures are used to code all known cases of horizontal transfer. All 13 main documented clades of Indo-European, and their main subclades, are well represented. Time calibration data for each language are also included, as are relevant geographical and social metadata. Data collection was performed by an expert consortium of 89 linguists drawing on 355 cited sources. The dataset is extendable to further languages and meanings and follows the Cross-Linguistic Data Format (CLDF) protocols for linguistic data. It is designed to be interoperable with other cross-linguistic datasets and catalogues, and provides a reference framework for similar initiatives for other language families.
%K Human behaviour, Social anthropology

%Z Background & Summary
Background: the Indo-European languages and phylogenetic research
Summary of the IE-CoR Dataset.
Background: research in cognacy, etymology and lexical semantics.
Methods
Overview of methodology
Language sample.
Meaning sample.
Lexeme determination: Overview.
Lexeme determination: Synonymy.
Lexeme determination: Meaning definitions.
Cognate determination.
Loanwords.
Dataset
Data Records
Technical Validation
Usage Notes
Code availability
%J Scientific Data
%V 12
%] 1541
%I Nature Publishing Group
%C London, United Kingdom
%@ 2052-4463