| 1 Phonology |
| Consonant Inventories |
Ian Maddieson |
| Vowel Quality Inventories |
Ian Maddieson |
| Consonant-Vowel Ratio |
Ian Maddieson |
| Voicing in Plosives and Fricatives |
Ian Maddieson |
| Voicing and Gaps in Plosive Systems |
Ian Maddieson |
| Uvular Consonants |
Ian Maddieson |
| Glottalized Consonants |
Ian Maddieson |
| Lateral Consonants |
Ian Maddieson |
| The Velar Nasal |
Gregory Anderson |
| Vowel Nasalization |
John Hajek |
| Front Rounded Vowels |
Ian Maddieson |
| Syllable Structure |
Ian Maddieson |
| Tone |
Ian Maddieson |
| Fixed Stress Locations |
Rob Goedemans and Harry van der Hulst |
| Weight-Sensitive Stress |
Rob Goedemans and Harry van der Hulst |
| Weight Factors in Weight-Sensitive Stress Systems |
Rob Goedemans and Harry van der Hulst |
| Rhythm Types |
Rob Goedemans and Harry van der Hulst |
| Absence of Common Consonants |
Ian Maddieson |
| Presence of Uncommon Consonants |
Ian Maddieson |
| 2 Morphology |
| Fusion of Selected Inflectional Formatives |
Balthasar Bickel and Johanna Nichols |
| Exponence of Selected Inflectional Formatives |
Balthasar Bickel and Johanna Nichols |
| Inflectional Synthesis of the Verb |
Balthasar Bickel and Johanna Nichols |
| Locus of Marking in the Clause |
Johanna Nichols and Balthasar Bickel |
| Locus of Marking in Possessive Noun Phrases |
Johanna Nichols and Balthasar Bickel |
| Locus of Marking: Whole-language Typology |
Johanna Nichols and Balthasar Bickel |
| Prefixing vs. Suffixing in Inflectional Morphology |
Matthew S. Dryer |
| Reduplication |
Carl Rubino |
| Case Syncretism |
Matthew Baerman and Dunstan Brown |
| Syncretism in Verbal Person/Number Marking |
Matthew Baerman and Dunstan Brown |
| 3 Nominal Categories |
| Number of Genders |
Greville Corbett |
| Sex-based and Non-sex-based Gender Systems |
Greville Corbett |
| Systems of Gender Assignment |
Greville Corbett |
| Coding of Nominal Plurality |
Matthew S. Dryer |
| Occurrence of Nominal Plurality |
Martin Haspelmath |
| Plurality in Independent Personal Pronouns |
Michael Daniel |
| The Associative Plural |
Michael Daniel and Edith Moravcsik |
| Definite Articles |
Matthew S. Dryer |
| Indefinite Articles |
Matthew S. Dryer |
| Inclusive/Exclusive Distinction in Independent Pronouns |
Michael Cysouw |
| Inclusive/Exclusive Distinction in Verbal Inflection |
Michael Cysouw |
| Distance Contrasts in Demonstratives |
Holger Diessel |
| Pronominal and Adnominal Demonstratives |
Holger Diessel |
| Third Person Pronouns and Demonstratives |
D.N.S. Bhat |
| Gender Distinctions in Independent Personal Pronouns |
Anna Siewierska |
| Politeness Distinctions in Pronouns |
Johannes Helmbrecht |
| Indefinite Pronouns |
Martin Haspelmath |
| Intensifiers and Reflexive Pronouns |
Ekkehard König and Peter Siemund (with Stephan Töpper) |
| Person Marking on Adpositions |
Dik Bakker |
| Number of Cases |
Oliver Iggesen |
| Asymmetrical Case-Marking |
Oliver Iggesen |
| Position of Case Affixes |
Matthew S. Dryer |
| Comitatives and Instrumentals |
Thomas Stolz, Cornelia Stroh and Aina Urdze |
| Ordinal Numerals |
Thomas Stolz and Ljuba Veselinova |
| Distributive Numerals |
David Gil |
| Numeral Classifiers |
David Gil |
| Conjunctions and Universal Quantifiers |
David Gil |
| Position of Pronominal Possessive Affixes |
Matthew S. Dryer |
| 4 Nominal Syntax |
| Obligatory Possessive Inflection |
Johanna Nichols and Balthasar Bickel |
| Possessive Classification |
Johanna Nichols and Balthasar Bickel |
| Genitives, Adjectives and Relative Clauses |
David Gil |
| Adjectives without Nouns |
David Gil |
| Action Nominal Constructions |
Maria Koptjevskaja-Tamm |
| Noun Phrase Conjunction |
Leon Stassen |
| Nominal and Verbal Conjunction |
Martin Haspelmath |
| 5 Verbal Categories |
| Perfective/Imperfective Aspect |
Östen Dahl and Viveka Velupillai |
| The Past Tense |
Östen Dahl and Viveka Velupillai |
| The Future Tense |
Östen Dahl and Viveka Velupillai |
| The Perfect |
Östen Dahl and Viveka Velupillai |
| Position of Tense/Aspect Affixes |
Matthew S. Dryer |
| The Morphological Imperative |
Johan van der Auwera and Ludo Lejeune (with Pappuswamy Umarani and Valentin Goussev) |
| The Prohibitive |
Johan van der Auwera and Ludo Lejeune (with Valentin Goussev) |
| Imperative-Hortative Systems |
Johan van der Auwera, Nina Dobrushina and Valentin Goussev |
| The Optative |
Nina Dobrushina, Valentin Goussev and Johan van der Auwera |
| Situational Possibility |
Johan van der Auwera and Andreas Ammann |
| Epistemic Possibility |
Johan van der Auwera and Andreas Ammann |
| Overlap between Situational and Epistemic Modal Marking |
Johan van der Auwera and Andreas Ammann |
| Semantic Distinctions of Evidentiality |
Ferdinand de Haan |
| Coding of Evidentiality |
Ferdinand de Haan |
| Suppletion According to Tense and Aspect |
Ljuba Veselinova |
| Verbal Number and Suppletion |
Ljuba Veselinova |
| 6 Word Order |
| Order of Subject, Object and Verb |
Matthew S. Dryer |
| Order of Subject and Verb |
Matthew S. Dryer |
| Order of Object and Verb |
Matthew S. Dryer |
| Order of Object, Oblique, and Verb |
Matthew S. Dryer (with Orin D. Gensler) |
| Order of Adposition and Noun Phrase |
Matthew S. Dryer |
| Order of Genitive and Noun |
Matthew S. Dryer |
| Order of Adjective and Noun |
Matthew S. Dryer |
| Order of Demonstrative and Noun |
Matthew S. Dryer |
| Order of Numeral and Noun |
Matthew S. Dryer |
| Order of Relative Clause and Noun |
Matthew S. Dryer |
| Order of Degree Word and Adjective |
Matthew S. Dryer |
| Position of Polar Question Particles |
Matthew S. Dryer |
| Position of Interrogative Phrases in Content Questions |
Matthew S. Dryer |
| Order of Adverbial Subordinator and Clause |
Matthew S. Dryer |
| Relationship between Order of Object and Verb and Order of Adposition and Noun Phrase |
Matthew S. Dryer |
| Relationship between Order of Object and Verb and Order of Relative Clause and Noun |
Matthew S. Dryer |
| Relationship between Order of Object and Verb and Order of Adjective and Noun |
Matthew S. Dryer |
| 7 Simple Clauses |
| Alignment of Case Marking of Full Noun Phrases |
Bernard Comrie |
| Alignment of Case Marking of Pronouns |
Bernard Comrie |
| Alignment of Verbal Person Marking |
Anna Siewierska |
| Expression of Pronominal Subjects |
Matthew S. Dryer |
| Order of Verbal Person Markers |
Anna Siewierska |
| Zero Third Person Markers |
Anna Siewierska |
| Verbal Person Agreement |
Anna Siewierska |
| Ditransitive Constructions: The Verb 'Give' |
Martin Haspelmath |
| Reciprocal Constructions |
Elena Maslova and Vladimir Nedjalkov |
| Passive Constructions |
Anna Siewierska |
| Antipassive Constructions |
Maria Polinsky |
| Applicative Constructions |
Maria Polinsky |
| Periphrastic Causative Constructions |
Jae Jung Song |
| Nonperiphrastic Causative Constructions |
Jae Jung Song |
| Negative Morphemes |
Matthew S. Dryer |
| Symmetric and Asymmetric Standard Negation |
Matti Miestamo |
| Subtypes of Asymmetric Standard Negation |
Matti Miestamo |
| Negative Indefinite Pronouns and Predicate Negation |
Martin Haspelmath |
| Polar Questions |
Matthew S. Dryer |
| Predicative Possession |
Leon Stassen |
| Predicative Adjectives |
Leon Stassen |
| Nominal and Locational Predication |
Leon Stassen |
| Zero Copula for Predicate Nominals |
Leon Stassen |
| Comparative Constructions |
Leon Stassen |
| 8 Complex Sentences |
| Relativization on Subjects |
Bernard Comrie and Tania Kuteva |
| Relativization on Obliques |
Bernard Comrie and Tania Kuteva |
| 'Want' Complement Subjects |
Martin Haspelmath |
| Purpose Clauses |
Sonia Cristofaro |
| 'When' Clauses |
Sonia Cristofaro |
| Reason Clauses |
Sonia Cristofaro |
| Utterance Complement Clauses |
Sonia Cristofaro |
| 9 Lexicon |
| Hand and Arm |
Cecil H. Brown |
| Finger and Hand |
Cecil H. Brown |
| Numeral Bases |
Bernard Comrie |
| Number of Non-Derived Categories Receiving Basic Color Terms |
Paul Kay and Luisa Maffi |
| Number of Basic Color Categories Receiving Basic Color Terms |
Paul Kay and Luisa Maffi |
| Green and Blue |
Paul Kay and Luisa Maffi |
| Red and Yellow |
Paul Kay and Luisa Maffi |
| M-T Pronouns |
Johanna Nichols and David Peterson |
| N-M Pronouns |
Johanna Nichols and David Peterson |
| Tea |
Östen Dahl |
| 10 Sign Languages |
| Sign Languages: Irregular Negatives |
Ulrike Zeshan |
| Sign Languages: Question Particles |
Ulrike Zeshan |
| 11 Other |
| Writing Systems |
Bernard Comrie |
| Para-Linguistic Usages of Clicks |
David Gil |
