Video Library: Chimpanzee Ethnography Reveals Cumulative Cultural Diversity

Christophe Boesch, Ammie K. Kalan, Roger Mundry, Mimi Arandjelovic, Simone Pika, Paula Dieguez, Emmanuel Ayuk Ayimisin, Amanda Barciela, Charlotte Coupland, Villard Ebot Egbe, J. Michael Fay, David Fine, Raquel Hernandez-Aguilar, Veerle Hermans, Parag Kadam, Mohamed Kambi, Manuel Llana, Eno-Nky Manasseh, Giovanna Maretti, David Morgan, Mizuki Murai, Emily Neil, Sonia Nicholl, Lucy Jayne Ormsby, Robinson Orume, Liliana Pacheco, Alex Piel, Crickette Sanz, Lilah Sciaky, Fiona A. Stewart, Nikki Tagg, Erin G. Wessling, Jacob Willie,  Hjalmar S. Kühl

Below we link example videos from each site where chimpanzees fish for aerial or underground termites to highlight population-specific technical elements used in our analysis. The technical elements that are highlighted in each video are listed in order of occurrence in each clip.

1. Bafing, Mali:

• Rigid; Sit; Scratch; Insert 1h; Lean elbow
• Sit; Insert 1h; Wrist help; Wrist help;

2. Dindefelo, Senegal:

• Rigid; Sit; Insert 1h; Scratch; Shake u-d; Stick 1h
• Sit; Rigid; Insert 1h; Stick 2h

3. Goualougo, Republic of Congo:

• Sit; Insert 1h; Hand takes; Stick 2h; Scratch; Mop (different individuals)
• Rigid; Sit; Scratch; Brush; Stick 2h; Hand takes

4. Kayan, Senegal:

• Sit; Bite; Insert 1h; Wrist help
• Scratch; Insert 1h

5. Ugalla, Tanzania:

• Soft; Lean elbow; Insert 1h; Forearm
• Lean elbow; Insert 1h; Forearm; Scratch; Bite

1. Campo Maan, Cameroon:

• Sit; Support 2h; Head stick; Insert 2h
• Perforate 1h; Sit; Insert 2h

2. Goualougo, Republic of Congo:

• Perforate 2h; Long stick; Perforate 1h; Insert 2h; Support 2h
• Perforate 2h; Perforate 1h; Sit; Short brush; Insert 2h; Support 2h

3. Korup, Cameroon:

• Perforate 1h; Lean elbow; Near elbow; Lip shake
• Perforate 1h; Lean elbow; Near elbow; Head eat
• Mop; Lean elbow; Near elbow; Lip shake; Mop

4. La Belgique, Cameroon:

• Sit; Peel bark; Perforate 1h; Insert 2h; Side wrist
• Sit; Side wrist; Insert 2h
• Sit; Tap; Perforate 2h; Perforate 1h
• Perforate 1h; Sit; Long brush; Insert 2h

5. Mont Cristal, Gabon:

• Perforate 1h; Sit; Insert 2h; Support 2h; Perforate 1h
• Perforate 1h; Sit; Insert 2h; Support 2h

6. Wonga Wongue, Gabon:

• Lay side; Long stick; Near elbow; Head eat
• Long stick; Perforate 1h; Perforate 1h; Tap